竹荪孢子超临界萃取物GC-MS分析及抗氧化活性研究

摘要

研究棘托竹荪孢子粉超临界萃取物的抗氧化活性.采用超临界CO2萃取破壁棘托竹荪孢子粉,正交试验优化萃取温度、压力、CO2流速、萃取时间;气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析萃取物成分组成;通过检测萃取物清除DPPH自由基及ABTS+·能力考察其抗氧化活性.结果表明:萃取时间80 min、萃取温度45℃、萃取压力35 MPa、CO2流量25 L/h条件下,萃取得率达6.74％.GC-MS分析发现,从萃取物中共鉴定出40种成分,其中酸类物质13种、酯类10种、烃类7种、醇类4种、醛类3种、酮类2种、其他1种.其中相对含量最高的为芹子酸(23.23％),其次为亚油酸(19.98％)、二十烯(9.68％)、正十六酸(7.47％)及十九烯(7.12％).萃取物具有较强的DPPH自由基和ABTS+·清除活性,其质量浓度10 mg/mL时,对DPPH自由基的清除率达86.41％,对ABTS+·清除能力为0.67 mmol Trolox/g.%Extraction of volatile oils from the broken spore of Dictyophora echinovolvata with supercritical carbon dioxide was studied.The influence of temperature,pressure,CO2 flow rate and time on the efficiency of extraction was examined by orthogonal experiment.The chemical composition of spore oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.Meantime,the antioxidant activity of spore oil was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical cation scavenging activity.The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were determined as extraction time 80 min,pressure 35 MPa,temperature 45 ℃,CO2 flow rate 25L/h with largest extraction rate of spore oil as 6.74％.Totally 40 compounds were identified from D.echinovolvata spore oil,including 13 acids,10 esters,7 olefins,4 alcohols,2 aldehydes,2 ketones,1 other compounds.Among them the prominent compounds were petroselinic acid (23.23％),(Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (19.98％),1-Eicosene (9.68％),n-Hexadecanoic acid (7.47％),1-Nonadecene (7.12％),etc.The spore oil had the ability to scavenge DPPH free radical and ABTS radical cation,the scavenging rate of DPPH radical reached 86.41％ and the antioxidant activity of the oil evaluated by ABTS was obtained as 0.67 mM Trolox equivalent when the concentration of spore oil was 10 mg/mL.