失效模式与效应分析在改良双人轴线翻身方法中的应用

摘要

目的 应用失效模式与效应分析(failure mode and effects analysis,FMEA)于改良双人轴线翻身方法和流程,使其更加合理、省力和安全.方法 运用FMEA找出双人轴线翻身流程和步骤中危机值最高的环节,并对其影响因素进行分析,同时制定改善措施并实施,比较实施FMEA前后危机值以及护士、患者对2种不同站位轴线翻身方法的感受.结果 实施FMEA 后8个失效模式的危机值均较实施前明显降低;护士腰部和手腕部受伤的发生情况明显减少;患者认为,2名护士分别站在患者的两侧实施双人轴线翻身,更显安全;护士认为,2名护士站在患者同一侧实施双人轴线翻身时可以站在对面保护患者,符合节力原则,利于观察患者的面色、意识等.结论 充分应用FMEA找出双人轴线翻身方法和流程中失效模式的主要原因并制定改进措施,可以规范双人轴线翻身操作流程,使其更加合理、省力和安全,同时有效减少护士腰部和手腕部受伤的发生.%Objective To analyze Ibc proeedure of double axis tuming over with failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA).Methods The part with highest RPN of double axis turning was identified with FMEA and its influencing factor was analyzed, and then corresponding measures were adopted and put into practice.The RPN before and after the applieation of FMEA, attitudes of patients and nurses towards the methods before and after improving were compared.Results After applying FMEA, the RPN of the eight failure modes decreased obviously.The occurrence of waist and wrist injury in nurses had decreased.Conclusion The utilization of FMEA in identifying major failure modes in the procedure of double axis turning over is beneficial to making it more reasonable, labor-saving and safety and lowering the incidence of waist and wrist injury of nurses.