早产儿维生素D水平与肺部疾病的关系

摘要

目的 分析早产儿出生时血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平与肺部疾病的关系.方法 选取2015年1月至2016年12月入住NICU的早产儿,收集其临床资料及血清25(OH)D检测结果;并根据平均血清25(OH)D水平将早产儿分为低维生素D组和高维生素D组,分析比较两组肺部疾病发生的差异.结果 共纳入早产儿115例,平均胎龄为(29.9 ± 1.9)周,平均血清25(OH)D水平为(37.1 ± 16.6)nmol/L.维生素D缺乏[25(OH)D<50 nmol/L]、不足[25(OH) D在50~74.9 nmol/L]和正常[25(OH)D≥75 nmol/L]的比率分别为71.3 %、17.4 %和11.3 %.低维生素D组的持续气道正压通气、氧疗时间、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)和支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发生率以及住院天数均显著高于高维生素D组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论 早产儿低维生素D水平可能增加RDS、BPD的发生率,并延长住院时间.%Objective To analyze the relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and lung diseases in premature infants. Methods The clinical data and the results of serum 25 (OH) D were collected in the preterm infants admitted to NICU from January 2015 to December 2016. According to the average level of serum 25 (OH) D, the premature infants were divided into low vitamin D group and high vitamin D group, and the differences of lung diseases between two groups were compared. Results A total of 115 premature infants were enrolled. The mean gestational age was (29.9±1.9) weeks, and the mean serum 25(OH)D level was (37.1±16.6) nmol/L. The rates of vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D<50 nmol/L], vitamin D insufficient [25(OH)D 50-75 nmol/L] , and normal [25(OH)D≥75 nmol/L] were 71.3%, 17.4%, and 11.3%, respectively. The persistent positive airway pressure, oxygen therapy time, the incidences of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and hospitalization days in the low vitamin D group were significantly higher than those in the high vitamin D group (P all<0.05). Conclusions Preterm infants with low vitamin D levels may increase the incidences of RDS and BPD, and prolong the length of hospitalization.