88例急性肾功能衰竭临床病因分析

摘要

Objective To research the pathogenesis,clinical types andtherapeutic effects of acute renal failure.Method All eighty-eight patients with acute renal failure(ARF) treated by hemodialysis were analyzed retrospectively in our hospital for last more than 4 years,and the etiology,clinical types of ARF and the clinical outcome of treatment were summarized.Results ARF patients with pre-renal reasons were 78.41%,single renal cortex and/or medullary disease leading to ARF were 20.45%,post-renal reason was only 1.14%;ARF induced by drugs were 20.45%,the main drugs were aminoglycosides(13/18);mortality rate was 30.97%,but the complete recovery rate was only 37.5%.Conclusion Clinical doctors must be careful observe the patients complications decrasing signs of the blood volume and supplementing blood volume in timely to avoid renal ischemia,these treatment may prevent ARF and kidney lesion induced by drugs,but the prognosis of patients with hemodialysis in ARF is not good.%目的 探讨急性肾功能衰竭的临床病因、分型及治疗效果。方法 回顾性分析本院所有透析治疗的88例急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)病人的临床病历资料、肾衰原因、肾衰类型及治疗效果。结果 ARF有肾前性因素者达78.14%，单纯肾实质性病变占20.45%，肾后性原因仅占1.14%；药物引物的ARF占20.45%，以氨基糖甙类抗菌素多见(13/18)；病人死亡率为30.97%，完全治愈率仅为37.5%。结论 注意血容量不足的症状与体征，及时扩容，保证肾供血充足可减少ARF的发生及药物性肾毒性的出现；需透析治疗的ARF病人治疗效果欠佳。