HIV相关性神经认知功能损伤的研究进展

摘要

人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)相关性神经认知功能损伤在获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者中的患病率很高.这不仅对HIV/AIDS患者的生活质量、日常功能造成不可忽视的影响,并且也是其一个重要的死亡因素.由于HIV相关性神经认知功能损伤(HAND)的病理生理学机制尚未完全明确,给治疗带来了困难,所以预防HAND变得尤为重要.然而,HAND的复杂性和特殊性使预防性研究进展缓慢.本文将对HAND的临床特征、危险因素、发病机制及最新治疗进展进行探讨.%The prevalence rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related neurological cognitive impairment is very high, which not only affects the quality of life and daily function, but also is an important death factor.Since the pathophysiology of HIV-related neurological impairment has not been fully i dentified, prevention of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment becomes particularly important.However, the complexity and specificity of HIV-related neurological cognitive impairment make preventive research progress slowly.This review article will mainly describe the clinical features, risk factors, and pathogenesis of HIV-related neurological impairment, and discuss its latest advances in treatment.