敏感换道对下匝道系统交通流的影响

摘要

在NaSh模型基础上，充分考虑驾驶员在匝口指示牌的诱导作用下驾驶方式的变化，定义了车辆在匝口上游的换道、直行驾驶规则，提出了敏感换道的元胞自动机下匝道交通流模型。通过计算机数值模拟，结果表明：敏感换道过程能减少直行车道上的转出车辆比例，对非必要的换道行为有明显的抑制作用，且随敏感换道区长度增加，该作用越明显；匝口提示位置并非越长越好，系统转出车辆比例越小，系统所需的最佳敏感换道区长度越短。工程设计中根据转出车辆比例选取一个适宜距离安放匝口指示牌，能有效增加系统流量和临界加入概率。%Based on the NaSh model, the rules of straight movement and lane change are defined while considering the change of driving behavior under the guidance of traffic signs at ramp;besides, a traffic model with sensitive lane change under the cellular automation is proposed. Furthermore, computer numerical simulation result indicates that the procedure of sensitive lane change can effectively reduce the lane change ratio of the straight moving vehicles, thus obviously it has an inhibitory effect on unnecessary lane change;what is more, the longer the sensitive lane change zone, the more effective the inhibitory function is. However, the traffic signs at ramp cannot be set as far as possible. Lower the lane change ratio is, shorter the sensitive lane change zone needed is. The traffic signs at ramp are set with proper distance according to the lane change ratio can effectively increase systematic traffic flow as well as the critical entrance probability.