The subject of scattering of electromagnetic waves from a rough surface has been an active research area for a long time. Simple results have been obtaiend only in two limiting cases. one occurs when the radii of incidence is not large. In this case Beckmann's theory, which is based on the Kirchhoff approximation, has been successfully used. The other case occurs when the surface is almost, but not quite flat (shallow roughness). In this case perturbation theory yields reliable answers. Recently, one of the most interesting phenomena associated wifth coherence in rough surface scattering is the enhanced backscattering. Similarly thee are enhanced reflection and enhanced transmission.
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