UTILIZATION OF CONTINOUS RATE INFUSION, MANUALLY CONTROLLED INFUSION, AND TOTAL INTRAVEOUS INFUSION FOR ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA IN ZOOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS

摘要

A balanced approach to anesthesia and analgesia in zoo species should be considered utilizing multiple drug administration modalities and classes. Constant rate infusion (CRI), manually controlled infusion (MCI), or total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA)of anesthetic/ analgesic agents are effective tools to level the plane of anesthesia, address pain, improve recovery times, and decrease drug volumes to be used. Various formulations have been published, mostly in domestic species. Individual and species variation will exist for these various modalities. Choosing protocols must take into account species, immobilization conditions, comparative published data, and the level of anesthesia desired. Because calculating CRI dosages can be a mental quagmire,math is often the only limitation to using these valuable tools; therefore, a 'cheat sheet' or computer program can be utilized and is recommended.