MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES IN CATS AND DOGS: IMPROVED PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS

摘要

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of disorders characterized by altered proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Primary MDS and secondary MDS (due to treatment with drugs or exposure to radiation) are neoplastic diseases that must be distinguished from secondary dysmyelopoiesis, congenital dysmyelopoiesis, and other non-neoplastic conditions that lead to ineffective hematopoiesis. These non-neoplastic conditions are more common than MDS and are often immune mediated or secondary to administration of pharmacotherapeutics. In human medicine, the minimal criteria needed to diagnosis MDS are the presence of at least 10% dysplastic cells with a specific myeloid lineage in the bone marrow, less than 20% blast cells in thebone marrow or peripheral blood, and a peripheral blood monocyte count under 100,000 cells per microliter2. Studies utilizing X-chromosome inactivation3 and analysis of alterations in karyotype have established that the dysplastic cells in human MDS patients are a clonal population of cells. The two prognosis scoring systems used to predict disease progression in human cases of MDS rely heavily on specific abnormalities in the karyotype of the patient's neoplastic cells.