challenges

摘要： Talent management(TM)is the current buzzword for organisations that want to attain competitive advantage globally,including Saudi Arabia.The present study explores the status and the emergence of TM in Saudi Arabia in the last few years based on reviewing the pre-existing literature.In addition,an insight into the challenges specific to the management of talent in Saudi Arabia is discussed.Due to the traditional and conservative society of Saudi Arabia,along with its governmental policies such as Saudization and the Nitaqat system,it has become extremely challenging for private organisations to employ TM practices.This study provides insights into various TM practices employed in Saudi Arabia;however,none of the studies have provided any information about the types of TM practices to be employed for a better and more efficient organisational performance in the context of Saudi Arabia.It is concluded that the practice of TM in Saudi Arabia is extremely selective in private organisations and can be considered to be in its infancy.Moreover,the gaps in the research in these areas are identified,and based on those,recommendations are made for the scope of future work.This study contributes to a critical understanding on the suitable TM practices that can be applied in Saudi Arabia as well.It provides insights assisting to further research and practical applications.Our study finds its relevance among TM academicians,human resource(HR)departments,policy makers,government agencies,talent managers,and employers who are either already functional in Saudi Arabia or are planning to open business processes in Saudi Arabia in the near future.This can act as a strategic development when collaborated appropriately with the government authorities.

摘要： Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy among women globally.From being fourth in the list of most common cancers in India during the 1990s,it has now become the first.In this review,we examine the available literature to understand the factors that contributed to the high burden of breast cancer in the country.We also provide the landscape of changes in the field of early diagnosis and the treatment modalities as well as the limitations of the Indian healthcare delivery systems(e.g.,delayed diagnosis,human resources and funding for treatment).This review also sheds light on the newer interventions and the future of breast cancer management keeping in mind the coronavirus disease 2019 imposed limitations.

摘要： The care of children with malignancy is almost always a feat and is even more difficult in resource-poor settings such as our country Nigeria where several factors present as challenges as seen in other countries of sub-Saharan Africa.In this study,we present our experience in AEFUTHA,over a six-year period.This study aimed at finding out the current prevalence,outcomes and challenging issues leading to poor outcomes.This retrospective study spanned from January 2012 to December 2017.Information was extracted from the patients’case notes using a structured data proforma.Children aged 17 years and below who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were studied and the sample size was 68.In our study,the prevalence of paediatric malignancy is 2.0%.The outcome was generally poor with a mortality rate of 30.9%,and 60.3%having abandoned treatment at various stages of management.The top-ranking challenges noted included diagnostic problems and late presentation accounting for 19.8%and 17.3%respectively and,poverty and lack of effective treatment and drugs representing 16.0%each.We conclude that there is a need to adopt a multifaceted approach to tackling these challenges to improve outcomes.

摘要： Electricity theft is one of the major issues in developing countries which is affecting their economy badly.Especially with the introduction of emerging technologies,this issue became more complicated.Though many new energy theft detection(ETD)techniques have been proposed by utilising different data mining(DM)techniques,state&network(S&N)based techniques,and game theory(GT)techniques.Here,a detailed survey is presented where many state-of-the-art ETD techniques are studied and analysed for their strengths and limitations.Three levels of taxonomy are presented to classify state-of-the-art ETD techniques.Different types and ways of energy theft and their consequences are studied and summarised and different parameters to benchmark the performance of proposed techniques are extracted from literature.The challenges of different ETD techniques and their mitigation are suggested for future work.It is observed that the literature on ETD lacks knowledge management techniques that can be more effective,not only for ETD but also for theft tracking.This can help in the prevention of energy theft,in the future,as well as for ETD.

摘要： Covid-19 has brought a lot of challenges and difficulties to the world,as well as changes to many industries.In the exhibition industry,virtual trade shows have been booming due to Covid-19.However,with various changes in the world after the outbreak of Covid-19,the situation of the epidemic changes,and the further development of science and technology,Virtual trade shows meet new opportunities and new challenges.The severity of the epidemic in some periods and in some regions did provide a certain impetus for virtual trade shows,but the epidemic tends to be less serious in general,and there is a possibility that the impetus is gradually weakening to some extent.The further development of technology has promoted the upgrading and maturity of virtual trade show,but the immaturity of technology and the side effects discovered after the application of technology have also become the obstacles to the development of virtual trade show.

摘要： The society in the digital transformation era demands new decision schemes such as e-democracy or based on social media.Such novel decision schemes require the participation of many experts/decision makers/stakeholders in the decision processes.As a result,large-scale group decision making(LSGDM)has attracted the attention of many researchers in the last decade and many studies have been conducted in order to face the challenges associated with the topic.Therefore,this paper aims at reviewing the most relevant studies about LSGDM,identifying the most profitable research trends and analyzing them from a critical point of view.To do so,the Web of Science database has been consulted by using different searches.From these results a total of 241 contributions were found and a selection process regarding language,type of contribution and actual relation with the studied topic was then carried out.The 87 contributions finally selected for this review have been analyzed from four points of view that have been highly remarked in the topic,such as the preference structure in which decision-makers’opinions are modeled,the group decision rules used to define the decision making process,the techniques applied to verify the quality of these models and their applications to real world problems solving.Afterwards,a critical analysis of the main limitations of the existing proposals is developed.Finally,taking into account these limitations,new research lines for LSGDM are proposed and the main challenges are stressed out.

摘要： The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused many global challenges, especially in resource-constrained countries. Africa, a continent with a large number of low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), shares this burden disproportionately compared to developed countries. Here we review some of the major challenges African countries face in the fight against COVID-19 and propose some mitigation measures. Studies have reported low adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures in most African countries. Additionally, there has been a shortage of healthcare workers, inadequate surveillance and diagnostic tools, unavailability of drugs in healthcare facilities, increased wrong beliefs, myths, misinformation and misconceptions about COVID-19 and vaccinations, and an already existing burden of infectious and non-infectious diseases across the African continent. Despite being very challenging to implement across African countries, telehealth is a critical solution to offer healthcare services during disease outbreaks. Many African countries have faced challenges in the fight against COVID-19. The training of healthcare workers (HCWs) must be strengthened to help address the shortage. In addition, African countries should strive to invest in research and capacity-building to be self-reliant regarding diagnostic tests. Thus, there is an urgent need to address the challenges faced by African countries in this fight, which may even include increased collaborations with other countries.

摘要： Introduction: Healthcare workers across the world have been raised to the demands of treating COVID-19 patients, potentially at significant cost to their own health and wellbeing. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused an increasing of challenges for healthcare professionals not only in Kosovo but globally. However, the psychological impact and change behavior, of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, among healthcare workers, are still unknown. Aim: The purpose of this paper is to know the reality and challenges of healthcare workers in Kosovo during the current COVID-19 outbreak. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, online survey which was conducted from 15 March 2020 to 30 July 2020 on 309 healthcare workers at three hospitals in Kosovo. An online survey questionnaire was used to collect data on participants’ characteristics, questions about gel hand sanitizer, disposable gloves, masks, facial protective shields, including questions such as: Do they have any chronic disease? Do they have fear from infection? Were they getting information about COVID-19? Do they have a stress during their work? Do they carry about public health measures and policies? The study protocol was approved by the ethical commission of our university. Findings: A total of 309 healthcare workers and medical practices completed the online survey. Most participants were female (n = 233;75.4%), and live in city (n = 174;56.3%). Based on their income (n = 250;80.9%), by having a middle income and (n = 44;14.2%) low income. Regarding provide services to people with COVID-19, 69.3% of participants were directly with infected patients, and during this time those who were worried to get infected with coronavirus were 31.4%, who said that they were afraid of becoming infected. The frustration was that if they become infected, the possibility of transmitting the virus to other family members will increase, where 35% stated that they are very scared and extremely scared 21.4%. Conclusion: Our study highlighted the importance of taking into consideration the experiences and concerns on front-line staff during pandemic. Factors such as older age, being female, chronic diseases and trainings may protect healthcare workers from fear during pandemic.

摘要： Under the background of the deepening reform in the new era,promoting the internationalization and construction of higher education is the fundamental path of transforming Chinese universities into world-class universities.This paper mainly studies the challenges faced by the internationalization of higher education in Shandong in the new era and the countermeasures for them.Among them,the predicament is expounded from several aspects,including the international school-running structure,the foreign high-quality educational resources,the international teachers,and the international exchanges and cooperation.Shandong’s higher education is faced with problems in its internationalized school-running structure;hence,corresponding countermeasures are proposed.Shandong Province must adhere to the principle of“adapting measures to local conditions”in order to formulate medium and long-term development plans and pay attention to the construction of international teachers.

摘要： The study was conducted in Godey town of Shebelle zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to assess management practices, utilization, and challenges of donkey. A total of 200 households who own working donkeys were selected purposely for this study. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires, key informants interviews, focus group discussions with communities who own donkeys and personal observations. The study revealed that the majority of the respondents were illiterate which might be associated with poor education access in the area. The study further revealed that 92% of working donkeys were involved in drought work, whereas 18% were used for pack work. The common feed resources for donkeys were feeds obtained from natural pasture, green maize leaves, hay, household wastes and grain supplements. Pipe water, river water, and pond water were the main water sources for working donkeys in the study area. About 91% of households kept their donkeys in an open backyard, while 9% of them kept them in a separate shed built adjacent to or a short distance away from the family home. Donkeys provide cart services in the study area, transporting various items weighing more than 300 kg in order to obtain a high benefit in a short period of time and are more than six days per week. Working donkeys in the current study area had a life span of fewer than 6 years, 7 - 10 years, and more than 10 years, with 18.5%, 75.5%, and 6%, respectively. The most important constraints that affect donkey production and utilization in the study area were a lack of feed, health problems (sickness, wounds, etc.), overloading and overworking, poor road and harnessing problems, and poor attitude/lack of awareness. As a result, in order to enhance working donkey management concerns, area-based development interventions that can overcome current constraints should be employed.