摘要:
目的 研究接受大动脉调转术(ASO)的完全性大动脉转位合并左心室流出道狭窄(TGA/LVOTO)患儿的病例特征,分析患儿术后不良事件的相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析39例TGA/LVOTO患儿接受ASO手术后的不良预后事件,包括术后死亡、再次手术、主动脉瓣关闭不全(AVI)、二尖瓣关闭不全(MVI)、左心室流出道再狭窄(re-LVOTO)和室间隔缺损残余分流,及其相关的风险因素.结果 39例TGA/LVOTO患儿,男31例,女8例.肺动脉瓣环(PV)内径平均Z值0.6,左心室流出道峰值压差均值31.6 mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa).平均随访15.9个月,早期死亡1例,术中体外循环时间较长(P=0.034)和术后早期死亡独立相关;早期再干预患儿4例;术后AVI患儿15例,PV内径Z值较大(P =0.026)和术后AVI独立相关;术后MVI患儿7例,瓣下水平的LVOTO(P =0.001)和术后MVI独立相关.术后室间隔残余分流4例,多变量分析显示肌部室间隔缺损(P=0.021)患儿更易出现术后残余分流(以膜周部缺损为基准);6例发生了re-LVOTO,手术时年龄较大(P =0.029)、多部位LVOTO(P =0.024)为术后re-LVOTO的独立危险因素.结论 若TGA患儿的LVOTO可以被手术疏通,则接受ASO术后早期病死率低,早期再干预主要原因为手术并发症,术后re-LVOTO率逐年升高,但远期再手术率很低,总体预后良好.%Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of complete transposition of great arterial with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction(TGA/LVOTO) patients who received arterial switch operation(ASO),and further evaluated the risk factors of postoperative adverse events.Methods Retrospectively evaluated the adverse events(including postoperative mortality,reoperation,aortic valve insufficiency,re-LVOTO and mitral valve insufficiency) and the related risk factors of 39 TGA/LVOTO patients after ASO.Results 39 TGA/LVOTO patients were included,the mean Z value of PV was 0.6,the mean peak LVOT gradient was 31.6 mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa).The mean follow up time was 15.9 months,during the follow up,1 patient had early mortality,and CPB time(P =0.034) was associated with early mortality;4 patients had early reintervention;15 patients had AVI,and larger PV Z value(P =0.026) was associated with postoperative AVI;7 patients had MVI,and subvalvar level LVOTO(P =0.001) was associated postoperative MVI;6 patients had re-LVOTO,and older age at operation (P =0.029),muhi-level LVOTO (P =0.024) were associated with postoperative re-LVOTO.Conclusion If the obstruction of LVOT can be repaired by surgery,TGA/LVOTO patients had a satisfied prognosis after ASO with relief of LVOTO,the postoperative early mortality was very low,and although the probability of re-LVOTO was increased with time,the long-term reintervention probability was very low.