Massadine Chloride:A Biosynthetic Precursor of Massadine and Stylissadine

摘要

To date about 30 dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids (PIAs) are known from the marine-sponge families Agelasidae,Axinellidae,Dictyonellidae,and Hymeniacidonidae.Their structures have encouraged an array of synthetic studies.While their biosynthesis remains a mystery,some interesting proposals have been put forward.