The Mutation of the “Nobel Prize in Chemistry” into the “Nobel Prize in Chemistry or Life Sciences”: Several Decades of Transparent and Opaque Evidence of Change within the Nobel Prize Program

Seeman Jeffrey I.; Restrepo Guillermo

摘要

Abstract >Over the past several decades, the Nobel Prize program has slowly but steadily been modified in both transparent and opaque ways. A transparent change has been the creation of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, officially known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. An opaque change has been the mutation of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry into what is effectively the “Nobel Prize in Chemistry or Life Sciences.” This paper presents a detailed study of this opaque change, including evidence that the disciplines of chemistry and biochemistry cover, today, intellectually quite distinct and generally scientifically‐unrelated intellectual territory. This paper supports the evolution of the Nobel Prizes, and encourages the Nobel Prize program to move from opaque to transparent change processes for the next generations of achievement in the sciences. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> <P>在过去几十年中，诺贝尔奖计划已经缓慢但稳定地被透明和不透明的方式修改。透明的变化一直是诺贝尔经济科学奖，正式被称为纪念诺贝尔的经济科学的斯维尔·瑞克斯信奖。不透明的变化一直是诺贝尔化学奖的变化，以有效地是“诺贝尔化学或生命科学”的“诺贝尔奖”。本文提出了对这种不透明变化的详细研究，包括有证据表明化学和生物化学覆盖的学科，今天，智力相当明确，普遍科学的知识领土。本文支持诺贝尔奖的演变，并鼓励诺贝尔奖计划从不透明到透明的改变流程，以便在科学中的下一代成就。</ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-19011/'>《Angewandte Chemie》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2020年第8期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共20页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Seeman Jeffrey I.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Seeman Jeffrey I.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Restrepo Guillermo&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Restrepo Guillermo;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Department of ChemistryUniversity of RichmondRichmond Virginia 23173 USA;</p> <p>Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the SciencesLeipzig UniversityLeipzig Germany;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1188.html" title="应用化学">应用化学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=citation analysis&option=203" rel="nofollow">citation analysis;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=disciplinary identifications&option=203" rel="nofollow">disciplinary identifications;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Nobel Foundation&option=203" rel="nofollow">Nobel Foundation;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Nobel Prize in Chemistry&option=203" rel="nofollow">Nobel Prize in Chemistry;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：引文分析;纪律处分;诺贝尔基金会;诺贝尔化学奖; 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