Synthesis, Structure, and Oxidative Additions of a Fluorous Analogue of Vaska's Complex, trans-[IrCI(CO){P[CH_2CH_2(CF_2)_5CF_3]_3}2]--Altered Reactivity in Fluorocarbons and Implications for Catalysis

摘要

Although homogeneous transition metal catalysts are employed in vast numbers of bench-scale and commodity chemical transformations, there remain critical needs for improved catalyst-recovery methodologies, as well as higher or new types of selectivities. Towards these ends, a conceptually new protocol, fluorous biphase catalysis, has been developed in our laboratories. This entails derivatizing catalysts with fluoroalkyl groups or "pony tails" such as (CH_)_y(CF_2)_xCF_3, which provide high solubility in fluorous media. Electronic properties can be tuned by varying the (CH_2)_y spacer. Many combinations of fluorous and organic solvents give bilayers, enabling facile catalyst-product separation.