Case Studies of Localized Corrosion of Carbon Steel

摘要

This comprehensive paper, based on about 30 earlierpapers and presentations of the present author and his associates,deals with case studies of localized corrosion of carbon steel.Included are localized corrosion in water and hot water pipes,steam return lines, electric resistance welded pipes, undergroundpipes, pipes in concrete and under dew-condensation protectivecoverings, and in many other systems. The rates of penetrationobserved in the case studies are reported and explained in terms ofcorrosion situations. The results of experiments to reproducevarious types of localized corrosion in the laboratory are alsoshown. It is demonstrated that the theoretically possible highestpenetration rate at areas of preferential attack is given by thepotentiostatic anodic current density for the oxide-free surface bycomparing the current density with the highest penetration rateobserved in case studies. Some cases of unusual corrosion in termsof the penetration rate, form of attack, and mechanism are also reported.