A new chamber design for measuring nitrous oxide emissions in maize crops

Olfs Hans-Werner; Westerschulte Matthias; Ruoss Nicolas; Federolf Carl-Philipp; Zurheide Tim; Vergara Hernandez Maria Elena; Neddermann Nikolas; Trautz Dieter; Pralle Herbert; Fu? Roland; Well Reinhard

摘要

Abstract > Nitrous oxide (N <sub>2</sub> O) emissions from agricultural land are often estimated by measuring changes in N <sub>2</sub> O concentrations over a given period in the headspace of a gas‐sampling chamber covering a specific soil area. This technique is particularly challenging in tall growing row crops such as maize ( Zea mays L.), to which farmers regularly apply fertilizer banded below the seeds to ensure good crop development. Placing chambers in the inter‐row space leads to bias in flux measurements, due to exclusion of fertilized and rhizosphere soil. Chambers for N <sub>2</sub> O flux measurements should therefore be placed centered over the row. A new split chamber for gas sampling was developed in this study from a closed, rectangular chamber (original chamber: 78?cm × 78 cm, 51 cm height). The new chamber is applicable for use for the complete maize growing cycle until harvest. For each flux measurement, the two parts of the chambers are placed in a gas‐tight seal on a collar previously inserted into soil covering a representative area of land. In a later growth stage, when plant height exceeds chamber height, stalks of developed maize plants can be fixed between the two chamber parts through a rubber‐tightening opening on the top of the chamber. Air tightness of the split chamber was tested in the laboratory and the split chamber was compared with the original chamber in a field experiment with slurry injection under maize seeds. The laboratory test demonstrated similar air tightness of both chamber types. The field test yielded almost identical N <sub>2</sub> O fluxes for the original chamber (244 μg N <sub>2</sub> O‐N m ?1 h ?1 ) and </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract XMLNS =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <title type =“main”>抽象</ title> >氧化亚氮（n <亚> 2 </ sub> o）来自农业土地的排放通常通过测量覆盖特定的气体采样室的顶部空间的给定时期的N <sub> 2 </ sub> o浓度的变化来估算土壤区。这种技术在高大的生长排作弊中尤其具有挑战性，例如玉米（ Zea mays-L.），农民定期施用在种子下方的肥料以确保良好的作物发展。由于排除受精和根际土壤，排放间空间中的间隙导致磁通测量中的偏置。因此，对于n <sub> 2 </ sub> o磁通测量的腔室应以排序为中心。在本研究中开发了一种用于气体取样的新型分流室（原腔：78×cm×78cm，51cm高度）。新房适用于完整的玉米生长周期，直到收获。对于每个磁通测量，将腔室的两部分放置在先前插入到覆盖着地区的土壤中的轴环上的气密密封件中。在后续生长阶段，当植物高度超过室高时，发达的玉米植物的茎可以通过腔室顶部的橡胶紧固开口来固定在两个腔室部件之间。在实验室测试分流室的气密性，并将分裂室与原始腔室进行比较，玉米种子下的浆液注射。实验室测试显示了两个室类型的类似气密性。原腔的现场测试几乎相同的N <亚> 2 </ sub> O助熔剂（244μgn<sub> 2 </ sub> O-n m Δ1</ sup> h ？1 </ sup>）和 </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-35667/'>《Journal of plant nutrition and soil science》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第1期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共9页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Olfs Hans-Werner&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Olfs Hans-Werner;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Westerschulte Matthias&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Westerschulte Matthias;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Ruoss Nicolas&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Ruoss Nicolas;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Federolf Carl-Philipp&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Federolf Carl-Philipp;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Zurheide Tim&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Zurheide Tim;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Vergara Hernandez Maria Elena&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Vergara Hernandez Maria Elena;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Neddermann Nikolas&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Neddermann Nikolas;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Trautz Dieter&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Trautz Dieter;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Pralle Herbert&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Pralle Herbert;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Fu? Roland&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Fu? Roland;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Well Reinhard&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Well Reinhard;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of Applied Sciences OsnabrückAm Krümpel 31 49090 Osnabrück Germany;</p> <p>Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of Applied Sciences OsnabrückAm Krümpel 31 49090 Osnabrück Germany;</p> <p>Thuenen Institute of Climate-Smart AgricultureBundesallee 50 38116 Braunschweig Germany;</p> <p>Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of Applied Sciences OsnabrückAm Krümpel 31 49090 Osnabrück Germany;</p> <p>Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of Applied Sciences OsnabrückAm Krümpel 31 49090 Osnabrück Germany;</p> <p>Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of Applied Sciences OsnabrückAm Krümpel 31 49090 Osnabrück Germany;</p> <p>Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of Applied Sciences OsnabrückAm Krümpel 31 49090 Osnabrück Germany;</p> <p>Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of Applied Sciences OsnabrückAm Krümpel 31 49090 Osnabrück Germany;</p> <p>Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of Applied Sciences OsnabrückAm Krümpel 31 49090 Osnabrück Germany;</p> <p>Thuenen Institute of Climate-Smart AgricultureBundesallee 50 38116 Braunschweig Germany;</p> <p>Thuenen Institute of Climate-Smart AgricultureBundesallee 50 38116 Braunschweig Germany;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/212.html" title="农业基础科学">农业基础科学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=air tightness&option=203" rel="nofollow">air tightness;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=gas sampling&option=203" rel="nofollow">gas sampling;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=N 2 O flux measurements&option=203" rel="nofollow">N 2 O flux measurements;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=split chamber&option=203" rel="nofollow">split chamber;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=row crops&option=203" rel="nofollow">row crops;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Zea mays&option=203" rel="nofollow">Zea mays;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：气密性;气体取样;N 2 O磁通测量;分裂室;行作物;Zea Mays; 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