A MAS based energy-coordination by game theory to apply a new incentive-based demand response in the electrical market

摘要

In this work, a multi-agent system implementing a new incentive-based demand response model (MAS-IBDR) is designed to help the Grid Manager (GM) to find a balance between energy produced and demand during peak hours. The proposed approach adopts the negotiation model of the game theory, where a stackelberg game with two interaction loops is formulated to capture interactions between the actors of this hierarchical market (Generator, Grid Manager (GM), Charge Aggregators (CA) and end Users (Us)) having an oligopolistic structure in order to reduce costs required to compensate the resource deficiency. The Grid Manager launches an incentive offer to sell a demand reduction from the Charge Aggregators, which trigger a trading routine with their registered Users to encourage them to reduce their consumption and receive in return an award. From this negotiation process based on game theory, an optimal solution of stackelberg equilibrium is obtained. The simulation results confirm that the proposed approach is effective in offsetting the deficiency of system resources at minimum cost during peak hours.