In Situ Raman Detection of Gas Hydrates Exposed on the Seafloor of the South China Sea

Zhang Xin; Du Zengfeng; Luan Zhendong; Wang Xiujuan; Xi Shichuan; Wang Bing; Li Lianfu; Lian Chao; Yan Jun

摘要

Abstract > Gas hydrates are usually buried in sediments. Here we report the first discovery of gas hydrates exposed on the seafloor of the South China Sea. The in situ chemical compositions and cage structures of these hydrates were measured at the depth of 1,130 m below sea level using a Raman insertion probe (RiP‐Gh) that was carried and controlled by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) Faxian . This in situ analytical technique can avoid the physical and chemical changes associated with the transport of samples from the deep sea to the surface. Natural gas hydrate samples were analyzed at two sites. The in situ spectra suggest that the newly formed hydrate was Structure I but contains a small amount of C <sub>3</sub> H <sub>8</sub> and H <sub>2</sub> S. Pure gas spectra of CH <sub>4</sub> , C <sub>3</sub> H <sub>8</sub> , and H <sub>2</sub> S were also observed at the SCS‐SGH02 site. These data represent the first in situ proof that free gas can be trapped within the hydrate fabric during rapid hydrate formation. We provide the first in situ confirmation of the hydrate growth model for the early stages of formation of crystalline hydrates in a methane‐rich seafloor environment. Our work demonstrates that natural hydrate deposits, particularly those in the early stages of formation, are not monolithic single structures but instead exhibit significant small‐scale heterogeneities due to inclusions of free gas and the surrounding seawater, there inclusions also serve as indicators of the likely hydrate formation mechanism. These data also reinforce the importance of correlating visual and in situ measurements when characterizing a sampling site. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“main”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> > 天然气水合物通常埋在沉积物中。在这里，我们举报了在南海海底暴露的天然气水合物发现。使用远程操作的车辆（ROV）的拉曼插入探针（RIP-GH），在海平面低于海平面的深度为1,130米的深度测量这些水合物的原位化学组合物和笼式结构。 faxian </ i> 。这种原位分析技术可以避免与从深海运输到表面的样品相关的物理和化学变化。在两个位点分析天然气水合物样品。原位光谱表明新形成的水合物是结构I，但含有少量C. <sub> 3 </ sub> H <sub> 8 </ sub> 和H. <sub> 2 </ sub> S. CH的纯气光谱 <sub> 4 </ sub> ， C <sub> 3 </ sub> H <sub> 8 </ sub> 和h. <sub> 2 </ sub> SCS-SGH02位点也观察到S.这些数据代表了首次原位证明，即在快速水合物形成期间可以在水合物织物内捕获自由气体。我们提供了第一个原位确认水合物生长模型的富含甲烷水合物在富含甲烷的海底环境中形成的早期阶段。我们的作品表明，天然水合物沉积物，特别是那些在地层的早期阶段，不是单片单一结构，而是由于自由气体和周围海水的夹杂物而表现出显着的小规模异质性，其中含有含量也可以作为可能的指标水合物形成机制。这些数据还加强了在表征采样站点时关联视觉和原位测量的重要性。 </ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-23285/'>《Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2017年第10期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共14页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Zhang Xin&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Zhang Xin;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Du Zengfeng&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Du Zengfeng;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Luan Zhendong&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Luan Zhendong;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Wang Xiujuan&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Wang Xiujuan;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Xi Shichuan&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Xi Shichuan;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Wang Bing&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Wang Bing;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Li Lianfu&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Li Lianfu;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Lian Chao&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Lian Chao;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Yan Jun&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Yan Jun;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and EnvironmentInstitute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> <p>Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and EnvironmentInstitute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> <p>Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and EnvironmentInstitute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> <p>Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and EnvironmentInstitute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> <p>Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and EnvironmentInstitute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> <p>Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and EnvironmentInstitute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> <p>Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and EnvironmentInstitute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> <p>Center of Deep Sea Research Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> <p>Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and EnvironmentInstitute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao China;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/163.html" title="地球物理学">地球物理学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=gas hydrate&option=203" rel="nofollow">gas hydrate;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=in situ&option=203" rel="nofollow">in situ;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Raman spectroscopy&option=203" rel="nofollow">Raman spectroscopy;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=free gas&option=203" rel="nofollow">free gas;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=the South China Sea&option=203" rel="nofollow">the South China Sea;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=deep sea&option=203" rel="nofollow">deep sea;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：天然气水合物;原位;拉曼光谱;自由气体;南海;深海; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704023360753.html">In Situ Raman Detection of Gas Hydrates Exposed on the Seafloor of the South China Sea</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Zhang Xin&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Zhang Xin,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Du Zengfeng&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Du Zengfeng,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Luan 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