首页> 外文期刊>Applied Geochemistry: Journal of the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry >In situ chemical stabilization of trace element-contaminated soil - Field demonstrations and barriers to transition from laboratory to the field - A review
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In situ chemical stabilization of trace element-contaminated soil - Field demonstrations and barriers to transition from laboratory to the field - A review

机译:原位化学稳定的痕量元素污染的土壤 - 现场示范和障碍从实验室到该领域的转型 - 评论

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摘要

The chemical stabilization, or immobilization, of trace elements (metals and metalloids; TE) in contaminated soil has been studied for decades. A vast number of scientific publications are available on the method performance in laboratory settings, reporting that the application of various soil amendments to contaminated soil reduces TE mobility, bioavailability and toxicity. The most commonly used soil amendments include organic matter, iron oxides, phosphates, ashes, and lately biochar, alone or in combination with each other and/or lime. Most of the implemented field studies show a certain degree of improvement in soil and/or vegetation status following amendment. Regardless the positive performance of the technique in the laboratory, field validations and demonstrations remain scarce. The establishment of a field experiment often involves permits from authorities and agreements with site owners, both of which are considerably more time-consuming than laboratory tests. Due to conservative institutional structures, public authorities have been slow to adopt alternative remediation technologies, especially when the total TE concentration in soil remains the same and all of the associated risks are not yet convincingly described. For this reason, researchers should also focus on enhancing public knowledge of alternative remediation techniques so that future projects which aim to demonstrate the effectiveness of in situ immobilization techniques under natural conditions will be supported.
机译:几十年来研究了污染土壤中的化学稳定性或固定,微量元素(金属和金属; TE)。在实验室环境中的方法性能上提供了大量的科学出版物,报告认为各种土壤修正案对受污染的土壤的应用降低了TE流动性,生物利用度和毒性。最常用的土壤修正案包括有机物质,氧化铁,磷酸盐,灰烬,最近的生物炭,单独或彼此组合和/或石灰。大多数实施的实地研究表明,修正案后,土壤和/或植被状况都显示出一定程度的改善。无论在实验室中该技术的积极性能,现场验证和示威性仍然稀缺。现场实验的建立往往涉及与网站所有者的当局和协议的许可证,这两者都比实验室测试相当耗时。由于保守的制度结构,公共当局采用替代修复技术缓慢,特别是当土壤中的总浓度仍然相同,所有相关风险尚未令人信服地描述。因此,研究人员还应专注于提高替代补救技术的公众知识,以便将支持旨在证明在自然条件下展示原位固定技术的有效性的未来项目。

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