On the basis of regular tree grammars, we present a formal framework for XML schema languages. This framework helps to describe, compare, and implement such schema languages in a rigorous manner. Our main results are as follows: (1) a simple framework to study three classes of tree languages (local, single-type, and regular); (2) classification and comparison of schema languages (DTD, W3C XML Schema, and RELAX NG) based on these classes; (3) efficient document validation algorithms for these classes; and (4) other grammatical concepts and advanced validation algorithms relevant to an XML model (e.g., binarization, derivative-based validation).
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机译：在常规树语法的基础上，我们提出了XML模式语言的正式框架。该框架有助于以严格的方式描述，比较和实现这种模式语言。我们的主要结果如下：（1）研究三种树型语言（本地，单一类型和常规）的简单框架; （2）根据这些类对模式语言（DTD，W3C XML Schema和RELAX NG）进行分类和比较; （3）这些类别的有效文档验证算法; （4）与XML模型相关的其他语法概念和高级验证算法（例如，二值化，基于导数的验证）。
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