Sub-10 nm Lanthanide-Doped CaF2 Nanoprobes for Time-Resolved Luminescent Biodetection

摘要

Lanthanide-doped luminescent nanoparticles (NPs) have evoked considerable interest due to their superior features, such as sharp f-f emission peaks, a long photoluminescence (PL) lifetime, low toxicity, and high resistance to photo-bleaching, which make them extremely suitable for use as alternatives to organic fluorescent dyes or quantum dots for various bioapplications. Particularly for in vivo bioimaging, there are some rigorous requirements for bioprobes, such as bright luminescence, small size, and biosafety.The use of sub-10 nm NPs enables free access to intracellular compartments and better clearance.For in vitro biodetection, sub-10 nm nanoprobes are highly desired for homogeneous bioassays based on distance-dependent fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).