The Layered Structure of [Na(NH3)4][Indenide] Containing a Square-Planar Na(NH3)4~+ Cation

摘要

Layered structures and intercalation compounds play an outstanding role in materials science. Most prominent are graphite intercalation compounds owing to their use in energy storage by lithium-ion batteries (LiC6), synthesis (KC8), and their features concerning supraconductivity (CaC6). Self-assemblies of charged supramolecular sandwich structures formed by polycyclic carbanions and lithium cations are expected to be structural motifs of charged anode materials in prospective rechargeable batteries fabricated from carbon allotropes. In inorganic chemistry (strongly intersecting with materials science), layered structures and intercalation are prominent in lithium transition-metal oxides as cathode material in lithium-ion batteries and M_xFeS and M_xFeSe as potent high-temperature superconducting materials. To date, in general, the layer host material is strongly bonded within the plane and exhibits weak interactions between the layers. Graphite or transition-metal oxide layer sheets are reduced by the desired metal or alloy to form anionic layers, and the cations, normally stripped of the solvent molecules, slip between these charged layers.