Hyperbranched Polymeric Ionic Liquids with Onion-like Topology as Transporters and Compartmentalized Systems

摘要

Among the rapidly expanding families of ionic liquids (ILs), amphiphilic polymer electrolytes, containing IL moieties either in their backbone or side chains, offer attractive opportunities for designing novel nano- and mesophase materials, including unique compartmentalized systems. Polymeric ionic liquids (polyILs) combine attractive IL properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, low flammability, and ionic conductivity, with properties typical for polymers, particularly durability, low toxicity, as well as their potential for facile construction of highly multifunctional systems, combined with easy polymer processing. Dispersions, films, and moldings are fabricated without encountering leakage problems associated with low-molecular-weight ILs.Envisioned applications range from electrolytes to solvents, sorbents, liquid separation media, catalyst scaffolds, dispersing agents, and compartmentalized fluids that can be used as nano- and microreactors for particle preparation and as transporters for shuttling a great variety of functional materials. An important research objective is to establish novel versatile synthetic routes, enabling easy scale-up and tuning of molecular architectures for polarity design and facile tailoring of multifunctional systems without the need for tedious multi-step syntheses and extensive purification. Moreover, to qualify as polymer additives, polylLs must be extremely robust and able to withstand the high shear forces and temperatures well above 200 °C during polymer melt compounding.