G-Rich Sequence-Specific Recognition and Scission of Human Genome by PNA/DNA Hybrid G-Quadruplex Formation

摘要

Recognition and scission of sequences within duplex DNA are wieldy used for gene manipulation. To date, naturally occurring restriction enzymes have been used. However, the recognition site sizes (4-6 bp) of most natural restriction enzymes limit their usefulness for many applications. For example, restriction enzymes that recognize 6 bp long sequences cut human DNA (which contains about 3 billion bp) at more than 10~5 sites on average. To increase sequence specificity, numerous attempts have been made to cleave duplex DNA at specific sites. Protein-based artificial nucleases were engineered to target the desired DNA sequences.