Metal-Organic Framework Nanospheres with Weil-Ordered Mesopores Synthesized in an Ionic Liquid/CO2/Surfactant System

摘要

Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials composed of metal ions or clusters bridged by organic ligands.These materials have shown great potential in gas storage separation, and catalysis applications owing to their permanent porosity and stability after desol-vation. Several different methods have been developed to synthesize range of MOFs. These include solvothermal, sonochemical, microwave, and mechanosynthesis. Within these traditional methods, solvents such as N ,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-diethylformamide (DEF), 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), or water/ethanol are widely used for dissolving both the inorganic and organic precursors. Most of the porous MOFs reported to date adopt the microporous regime (pore size < 2 nm), despite the negative effect on the diffusion and mass transfer. The construction of meso-MOFs by using elongated ligands or bulky secondary building blocks is of great interest. Increasing the pore size and framework stability remains a major challenge. More recently, great effort has focused on the design of nanoscale MOFs with different morphologies, such as spheres,cubes, rods, and wheels.