Gold and Palladium Combined for Cross-Coupling

摘要

The use of gold catalysts as highly active tools for efficient and atom-economic transformations continues to grow exponentially. In contrast to other transition metals, the most significant limitation of homogeneous gold catalysts seems to be the inferior ability of gold to change oxidation states during catalytic cycles. Of the few reported homogeneous gold-catalyzed coupling reactions in which changes in oxidation states in catalytic cycles are presumed, they are all accomplished at elevated temperatures wherein heterogeneous catalysis should at least be considered.