Carcass and Meat Quality of Three Genotype Populations in Goat Breeding for Meat Purposes in Thailand

摘要

The objective of this study was to assess the carcass characteristics of three genotypes of meat goats in Thailand, kept in a semi-intensive system with concentrated feed at 1% of body weight. Eighteen healthy male yearlings. including Southern Thai native, two-way crosses (50% Anglo-Nubian x 50% native) and three-way crosses (50% Boer x 25% Anglo-Nubian x 25% native) goats were randomly selected and slaughtered after being starved for 24 h. Three-way crosses had greater (P<0.01) fasted live weight. carcass weight and carcass length than two-way crosses and native goats in the same envi-ronment. The dressing percentage (based on empty body weight) ranged from 50.20% to 54.28%, with highly significant differences between genotypes. Three-way crosses had greater (P<0.01) loin eye area than two-way crosses and native goats (16.97, 11.19, and 8.13 cm', respectively). Physical properties, chemical composition of meat, and muscle microstructure of the three genotypes were determined. There were no differences in physical properties between genotypes, except for bone percentage. Native goats had lower (P<0.01) bone content than two-way and three-way crosses. The muscle-bone ratio was higher (P<0.01) in native goats than in other goats, even using the criterion of edible meat (muscle + fat-bone ratio, P<0.05). The protein percentage of muscles was significantly higher in three-way crosses (22.4%) than in two-way crosses and native goats (P<0.05). The fat percentage of three-way crosses was higher (P< 0.01) than that of two-way crosses and native goats. Genotype had a significant (P<0.05) influence on meat quality in regard to shear force and lightness. The longissimus dorsi had a lower shear force value than the biceps femoris and triceps brachii (P<0.05). The International Commission on Illumination system values for the biceps femoris and triceps brachii were lower (P<0.05) than those for the longissimus dorsi.