Cholesterol embolization syndrome with an atypical proximal presentation simulating calciphylaxis

摘要

Cholesterol embolization syndrome (CES) is associated with endovascular procedures or anticoagulation, which disrupt ath-eromatous plaques within large arteries releasing cholesterol crystals. These crystals lodge in the vasculature of various organs, most commonly the skin. Cutaneous involvement classically presents in the distal lower extremities as livedo reticu-laris (49%), gangrene (35%), cyanosis (28%), ulceration (17%), nodules (10%), purpura (9%), and splinter hemorrhages. We report a case of CES with proximal cutaneous lesions mimicking calciphylaxis.