Cultivar-specific Weed Management Programs for 'Russet Burbank' and 'Bannock Russet' Potato Production in Wisconsin

摘要

Field trials were conducted at Hancock, WI, in 2008 and 2009 to determine reduced-herbicide weed management programs for 'Russet Burbank' and 'Bannock Russet' potato (Solanum tuberosum) based on cultivars' developmental characteristics. Six treatments applied to each cultivar included: preemergence (PRE) broadcast s-metolachlor and metribuzin (the industry standard); PRE in-row banded s-metolachlor and metribuzin with cultivation at 15% canopy development; postemergence (POST) broadcast rimsulfuron and metribuzin; POST between-row banded glyphosate; POST in-row banded rimsulfuron and metribuzin with cultivation at 15% canopy development; and cultivation alone at 15% canopy development. In 2008 and 2009, for both cultivars, visual assessments indicated weed suppression was reduced when glyphosate was POST between-row banded, compared with other treatments, and weed suppression was consistently high when rimsulfuron and metribuzin were POST broadcast. As expected, in-row weed control was consistently poor when glyphosate was between-row POST banded, providing no in-row weed control. Regardless of cultivar or year, in-row weed control was comparable to or better than the industry standard when herbicides were broadcast or in-row banded with cultivation at 15% canopy development. Potato yield was poor when glyphosate was POST between-row banded and when cultivation was used without herbicide application. Yield was consistently high when herbicides were POST broadcast, which provided no reduction in treated area from the industry standard of PRE broadcast. In both years, 'Russet Burbank' yield was greatest when herbicides were POST in-row banded with cultivation at 15% canopy development; 'Bannock Russet' yield was greatest when herbicides were PRE in-row banded with cultivation at 15% canopy development. Cultivar-appropriate weed management systems that band herbicides over the crop row in combination with cultivation would provide a two-thirds decrease in herbicide application from the industry standard without risk of yield loss.