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首页> 外文期刊>HortTechnology >Integrated Systems of Weed Management in Organic Transplanted Vidalia (R) Sweet Onion Production
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Integrated Systems of Weed Management in Organic Transplanted Vidalia (R) Sweet Onion Production

机译:有机移植Vidalia(R)甜洋葱生产中杂草处理的集成系统

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摘要

Field experiments were conducted from 2008 through 2010 near Lyons, GA, to develop integrated weed management systems for organic Vidalia sweet onion (Allium cepa) production. Treatments were a factorial arrangement of summer solarization, cultivation with a tine weeder, and a clove oil herbicide. Plots were solarized with clear plastic mulch during the summer fallow period before transplanting onion. Cultivation treatments were twice at 2-week intervals, four times at 2-week intervals, and a noncultivated control. Herbicide treatments were clove oil plus vinegar, clove oil plus an emulsified petroleum oil (EPO) insecticide used as an adjuvant, and a nontreated control. 'Savannah Sweet' onions were transplanted in early-December each year, with cultivation and herbicide applications events occurring the following January and February. Onions were harvested the following spring. In addition to yield measurement, a subsample of harvested onion was stored in a controlled atmospheric (CA) storage facility to evaluate treatment effects on diseases of stored onion. Summer fallow solarization did not control the cool-season weeds present in these trials. Cultivating transplanted onion with a tine weeder effectively managed cutleaf eveningprimrose (Oenothera laciniata) and swinecress (Coronopus didymus) and improved onion yields in 2 of 3 years. There was little difference in overall performance between two cultivations and four cultivations with the tine weeder. The 1 year of marginal weed control with the tine weeder was due to persistently wet soils during winter months that inhibited optimum performance of the implement. Clove oil, combined with vinegar or an EPO insecticide, provided marginal weed control and had no effect on onion yield. Diseases of stored onion were unaffected by any of the treatment combinations, although overall incidence of diseases of stored onion was higher in 2010 compared with other years. This corresponds with the 1 year of marginal weed control with the tine weeder, suggesting that the presence of weeds may be a factor related to disease incidence during storage.
机译:从2008年到2010年,在佐治亚州里昂市附近进行了田间试验,以开发用于有机Vidalia甜洋葱(Allium cepa)生产的集成杂草管理系统。处理方法包括夏季日晒,分解除草剂和丁香油除草剂等。在夏季休耕期,将地块用透明的塑料覆盖层晒太阳,然后再移植洋葱。栽培处理以2周为间隔两次,以2周为间隔进行四次,并进行非培养对照。除草剂处理方法包括丁香油加醋,丁香油加乳化石油(EPO)杀虫剂作为佐剂,以及未经处理的对照。每年12月上旬移植“大草原甜”洋葱,随后的1月和2月发生种植和除草剂施用事件。次年春天收获洋葱。除了产量测量外,还将收获的洋葱的子样本存储在受控大气(CA)的存储设施中,以评估对所存储洋葱疾病的治疗效果。夏季休闲日光浴不能控制这些试验中存在的凉季杂草。在3年中的2年中,用尖齿除草器培育移栽洋葱可以有效地管理切叶月见草(Oenothera laciniata)和sw豆(Coronopus didymus),并提高了洋葱的产量。使用尖齿除草剂的两种栽培和四种栽培的总体性能差异不大。使用尖齿除草机进行1年边际杂草控制的原因是冬季冬季土壤持续潮湿,这妨碍了机具的最佳性能。丁香油与醋或EPO杀虫剂结合使用可提供少量杂草控制,并且对洋葱产量没有影响。尽管2010年与其他年份相比,贮藏洋葱疾病的总体发病率更高,但是贮藏洋葱的疾病不受任何治疗组合的影响。这对应于使用常规除草剂对边缘杂草进行1年的防除,这表明杂草的存在可能是与储存期间疾病发生率相关的因素。

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