Utility and industrial sources face complex issues with the prospects of placing additional control equipment in the plant to meet increasingly stringent standards. In addition to the global issues of climate change and prospective CO_2 control, and to local and regional issues of water use and waste disposal, the remand of CAIR and CAMR in 2008 resulted in less regulatory certainty at the federal level, and independent action by the states for establishing environmental permit levels for mercury and criteria pollutants.
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