A delayed end-Permian extinction in deep-water locations and its relationship to temperature trends (Bianyang, Guizhou Province, South China)

摘要

New collecting at a biostratigraphically highly-resolved deep-water section in South China, reveals a brief (a few tens of thousands of years) but measurable delay in extinction timing relative to contemporaneous, shallower water sections. Foraminifers and conodonts in the Bianyang section show a sharp extinction at the top of Hindeodus changwingensis Zone, whilst in shallower sections, such as the well-known Meishan GSSP location, these taxa have a major extinction pulse at the top of the preceding Clarkina yini Zone. The main end-Permian extinction coincides with the onset of a negative carbon isotope excursion whilst the deep-water extinctions occur around the lowpoint of the carbon isotope curve. Rapidly increasing surface water temperatures, and the effects of deep-water anoxia were all important during the crisis although it is noteworthy that regression and extinction also show a close temporal link. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.