A process-tolerant low-power adder architecture for image processing applications

摘要

The aggressive CMOS technology scaling in the sub-100-nm regime leads to highly challenging VLSI design due to the presence of unreliable components. The delay failures in arithmetic units are increasing rapidly due to the increased effect of process variation (PV) in scaled technology. This paper introduces a novel process-tolerant low-power adder (Prot-LA) architecture for error-tolerant applications. The proposed Prot-LA architecture segments the operands into two parts and computes addition of the upper parts in carry-propagate, whereas it computes the lower parts in a carry-free manner. In the Prot-LA, the number of bits in carry-propagate and carry-free additions can be reconfigured based on the amount of PV. An on-chip PV detector is embedded to determine the PV severity. Because of this reconfigurability, the proposed adder completes the carry propagation with minimum error even under severe process variation. The simulation results show that proposed Prot-LA provides 19.9 % reduced power consumption over the state-of-the-art approximate adder. The efficacy of the proposed adder is demonstrated in the real application by designing an image scaling processor (ISP). The simulation results show that the Prot-LA embedded ISP consumes 7.75 % reduced energy with 2.43 dB higher PSNR over the existing approximate adder embedded ISP.