秦巴山区板栗害虫区系研究

摘要

为了促进陕西板栗产业的健康发展,对陕西省秦巴山区板栗害虫的种类及其区系组成进行了连续2a的调查.秦巴山区板栗害虫有6目49科143属184种.食叶害虫25科85属109种,分别占总科数的51.02%、总属数的59.44%、总种数的59.24%;由古北界、东洋界以及古北-东洋共有种类组成优势类群,其种数分别占该类害虫种数的31.19%、25.69%、33.03%.枝梢害虫15科25属27种,分别占总科数的30.61%、总属数的17.48%、总种数的14.67%;东洋界种类和其它多界种类优势类群,其种数分别占该类害虫种数的37.04%、29.63%.蛀干害虫5科22属32种,分别占总科数的14.28%、总属数的15.28%、总种数的17.39%;由东洋界种类和古北-东洋共有种类构成优势类群,其种数分别占该类害虫种数的31.25%、43.75%.种实害虫5科8属11种,分别占总科数的10.20%、总属数的5.59%、总种数的5.98%;由古北界种类和古北-东洋共有种类组成优势类群,其种数分别占该类害虫种数的27.27%、54.55%.苗木害虫有3科3属5种,分别占总科数的6.12%、总属数的2.10%、总种数的2.72%;由古北界种类和其它多界种类组成优势类群,其种数分别占该类昆虫种数的40.0%、40.0%.在这些害虫中,古北界46种,占该区板栗害虫总种数的25.00%;东洋界47种,占板栗害虫总种数的25.54%;古北-东洋界共有种64种,占板栗害虫总种数的34.78%;其它界种类27种,占该区板栗害虫总种数的14.67%.秦巴山区板栗害虫以古北界、东洋界、东洋-古北共有种类为优势种类.符合陕西板栗分布于古北、东洋两界过渡地带的昆虫区系的组成特点.%In order to te sound development of chestnutindustryin Shanxi, chestnut pests speciesand theirlforistic composition had been continuousinvestigatedfor two yearsatQin-BaMountainareain Shanxi Province. The chestnut pestsatQin-BaMountain Areas had 6 orders, 49families, 143genera,and 184 species. The defoliators had 25families, 85generaand 109 species,accountingfor 51.02% of totalfamily number, 59.44% of totalgenera number,and 59.24% of total species number. The Palaearctic Realm, Oriental Realmand Palearctic-Oriental Realm common specieswere dominant species,accountingfor 31.19%, 25.69%, 33.03% of the pests species,respectively. Shoot pests had 15families, 25generaand 27 species,accountingfor 30.61% of totalfamily number, 17.48% of totalgenera number,and 14.67%% of total species number. The Oriental Realm speciesandmany other community species consisted of the dominant species,accountingfor 37.04%and 29.63% of the pests species,respectively. Trunk borer had 5familiesand 22genera and 32 species,accountingfor 14.28% of totalfamily number, 15.28% of totalgenera number,and 17.39% of total species number. The Oriental Realm speciesand Palearctic-Oriental Realm common species consisted of the dominant species,accountingfor 31.25%and 43.75% of the pests species,respectively. Seed pests had 5families, 8generaand 11 species,accountingfor 10.20% of totalfamily number, 5.59% of totalgenera number,and 5.98% of total species number.The Palaearctic Realm speciesand Oriental-Palaearctic Realm common species consisted of the dominant species, accountingfor 27.27%and 54.55% of the pests species,respectively. Seedling pests had 3families, 3generaand 5 species,accountingfor 6.12% of totalfamily number, 2.10% of totalgenera number,and 2.72% of total species number. The Palaearctic speciesandmany other community species consisted of the dominant species,accountingfor 40.0%and 40.0% of the pests species,respectively. In theseinsect pests, Palaearctic Realm species (46)accountedfor 25% of the total chestnut pest species, the Oriental Realm species (47)accountedfor 25.54%, the Palaearctic-Oriental Realm common species (64)accountedfor 34.78%,and the otherrealms species (27)accountedfor 14.67%. The Palaearctic Realm species, Oriental Realm species, Palearctic-Oriental Realm common species consisted the dominant species of chestnut pestsatQin-BaMountain Areas. The characteristicswereinlinewith distribution of the Shanxi chestnutat the insectlforas of the transition zone of the Palaearcticand Oriental Realms.