准确判定船舶在受限水域的最小安全通航水深,其中主要是计算下沉量,已成为关系船舶航行安全的重要课题.本文分析了船舶下沉量研究的3种方法,指出基于系列试验的经验公式方法,是当前下沉量研究和实用的主流.文中概括了国内外经验公式和研究成果,将之归纳为20项.经比较,认为考虑因素最全面、适用范围最广的是Ankudinov公式,并指出了其不足.进而根据船模水池实验结果,提出了基于Ankudinov公式的改进公式；并以实船测试值和其他船模水池实验值为基准,将原公式和改进公式计算结果相比对,证实了改进公式具有更高的精度.%Accurate judgement of ship in restricted waters of the minimum safe navigable depth, which mainly is the calculation of subsidence, has become the important subject of ship navigation safety. This paper analyzes the ship sinking on three kinds of methods, pointed out based on a series of trial experience formula method, is the current settlement research and utility of the mainstream. This paper summarized the domestic and foreign experience formulas and the research achievement,be grouped into 20 categories. By comparison, consider the most comprehensive and practical factors, the widest range of Ankudinov formula, and points out its shortcomings, then according to the ship model basin is proposed based on the experimental results, the formula of Ankudinov improved formula. And a real ship test value and the other ship model tank test value of the baseline, the original formula and improve outcomes compared to formula, confirmed that the improved formula has higher precision.
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