夹层板脱层对结构振动特性的影响分析

摘要

聚氨酯弹性体钢夹层板结构（SPS）因其优异的力学性能和可设计性，近年来在船舶制造等领域得到广泛应用。本文通过理论与数值仿真，研究了 SPS夹层板结构自由振动以及脱层对振动特性的影响。首先，对 SPS夹层结构，提出一种等效模型，采用简化一阶剪切变形理论，建立了夹层板横向自由振动控制方程，并结合边界条件给出了 SPS夹层结构的振动频率表达式。通过与文献和数值仿真结果的对比分析，验证了本模型与方法的有效性与准确性。考虑结构易脱层的特点，研究了面/芯脱层对结构振动特性的影响，对比分析脱层范围、脱层位置以及脱层形状对结构低阶频率的影响，给出了各脱层参数与结构低阶振动频率的关系，为 SPS结构的设计与应用提供指导。%Steel-polyurethane-steel (SPS) plate has got an extensive application in engineering such as the ship building and civil bridge due to the excellent mechanical properties and designability. The present paper investigated the vibration characteristic of SPS plate and the effect of face/core delamination based on the analysis and simulation methods. Firstly, a mechanical equivalent model of SPS was proposed to reduce the governing equations of SPS vibration with a simplified first-order shear deformation theory. The analysis formula natural frequencies of SPS with simple supported boundary conditions were obtained. Then, the validity and accuracy of the present method were verified via comparison of results in literature and finite element method. Considering this kind of sandwich plate is easy to occur face/core delamination, the effects of delamination on the structure vibration characteristic were studied from the aspects of delamination areas, locations and shape. The results in present paper look forward to provide guidance for the design and application of SPS structure.