基于系统基模的新产品开发模式研究

摘要

The development of new products is an effective strategy for enterprises to obtain competitive advantage.The de-velopment mode of the new products is related to the success or failure of the new products’development.Development mode is divided into three main categories:inside contract,outsourcing and crowdsourcing.This article introduces the con-notation,characteristics,advantages and disadvantages of each mode,builds the "growth limit","shift the burden","growth and lack of investment"and other systems archetypes from the perspective of the dynamics and systems.The article also analyses the possible problems and difficulties in the development mode,and puts forward the corresponding "lever"as a solution.At last,it provides reference for the selection and application of new product development mode in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the development of new product,and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.%新产品开发是企业获得竞争优势的有效策略，新产品开发模式是关系到新产品开发效率及成败的关键一环。新产品开发可分为内包、外包、众包三种模式，系统介绍各模式的内涵、特征、优劣及其发展现状。从动态和系统角度出发，创新性地运用系统基模方法分析新产品开发模式，构建了“成长极限”“转移负担”“成长与投资不足”系统基模。具体分析各开发模式中可能存在的问题和困境，并提出相应的“杠杆解”。通过案例分析将理论与实践相结合，阐述系统基模对宝洁公司新产品开发模式的实践意义，为企业新产品开发模式的选择及运用提供参考，以期提高新产品开发效率和有效性，提升企业竞争力。