Objective To investigate the clinical effect of high - frequency oscillatory ventilation in the adjuvant treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Methods A total of 80 newborns with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome were selected in the Central Hospital of Huangshi from June 2010 to December 2012,and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group,each of 40 cases. Newborns of both groups received lung alveolar surfactant and so on before mechanical ventilation, and newborns of control group received conventional mechanical ventilation, while newborns of observation group received high - frequency oscillatory ventilation. Clinical effect,ventilation time,hospital stays,pH,PaO2 , PaCO2 ,MAP,OI and FiO2 before treatment and after 12,24,48 hours of treatment were compared between the two groups. Results No statistically significant differences of clinical effect was found between the two groups( u = 0. 455,P = 0. 324). Ventilation time and hospital stays of observation group were statistically significantly shorter than those of control group( P ﹤0. 05). No statistically significant differences of pH,PaO2 or PaCO2 was found between the two groups before treatment,nor was PaCO2 between the two groups after 12 hours of treatment( P ﹥ 0. 05);pH and PaO2 of observation group were statistically significantly higher than those of control group after 12,24 and 48 hours oftreatment,while PaCO2 of observation group was statistically significantly lower than that of control group after 24 and 48 hours of treatment,respectively( P ﹤ 0. 05). No statistically significant differences of MAP,OI or FiO2 was found between the two groups before treatment,nor was OI between the two groups after 12 or 24 hours of treatment,or was MAP between the two groups after 12 hours of treatment(P ﹥ 0. 05);FiO2 of observation group was statistically significantly lower than that of control group after 12,24,48 hours of treatment, respectively,OI of observation group was statistically significantly lower than that of control group after 48 hours of treatment, MAP of observation group was statistically significantly lower than that of control group after 24 and 48 hours of treatment, respectively(P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion High - frequency oscillatory ventilation has certain clinical effect in the adjuvant treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,can effectively improve the pulmonary oxygenation function and shorten the hospital stays.%目的：探讨高频振荡通气辅助治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床疗效。方法选择黄石市中心医院2010年5月—2012年12月收治的新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿80例，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组40例。两组患儿上机前均常规给予肺泡表面活性物质等常规治疗，观察组患儿在此基础上给予高频振荡通气治疗，对照组患儿在此基础上给予常规机械通气治疗。比较两组患儿临床疗效、机械通气时间、住院时间，治疗前及治疗12、24、48 h pH 值、动脉血氧分压（PaO2）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）、平均动脉压（MAP）、氧指数（OI）、吸入氧浓度（FiO2）。结果两组患儿临床疗效比较，差异无统计学意义（u ＝0.455，P ＝0.324）。观察组患儿机械通气时间、住院时间均短于对照组（P ﹤0.05）。两组患儿治疗前 pH 值、PaO2、PaCO2及治疗12 h PaCO2比较，差异无统计学意义（ P ﹥0.05）；观察组患儿治疗12、24、48 h pH 值、PaO2高于对照组，治疗24、48 h PaCO2低于对照组（P ﹤0.05）。两组患儿治疗前 MAP、OI、FiO2和治疗12、24 h OI 及治疗12 h MAP 比较，差异无统计学意义（P ﹥0.05）；观察组患儿治疗12、24、48 h FiO2低于对照组，治疗48 h OI 低于对照组，治疗24、48 h MAP 低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。结论高频振荡通气辅助治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿的临床疗效确切，能有效改善患儿的肺氧合功能，缩短住院时间。
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