绿豆田土壤处理除草剂筛选

摘要

Crop safety and control effect of five soil-applied herbicides on weeds in mung bean field in Inner Mon-golia were determined by field trial and indoor bioassay.The results showed that the control efficacies of 33%pendimethalin EC 990 g/hm2 ,50% prometryn WP 750 g/hm2 and 96% S-metolachlor EC 1 1 52 g/hm2 on annual weeds were 92.4%,91.9% and 90.3% respectively.The control efficacy of 80% flumetsulam WG 48 g/hm2 on annual broadleaf weeds was above 94%.Crop safety test showed that the above herbicides were safe to mung beans under recommended or 2 times recommended dosage in the field,and even safe under 3 times recommended dosage in greenhouse bioassay.Based on comprehensive consideration of control effect and crop safety,33%pendimethalin EC,50% prometryn WP,96% S-metolachlor EC and 80% flumetsulam WG were recommended for application in mung bean field in middle Inner Mongolia.%采用田间试验和室内生测相结合的方法研究了5种土壤处理除草剂对绿豆的安全性和对杂草的防效,筛选适于内蒙古中部绿豆田使用的化学除草剂。田间试验结果表明,在常规用量处理下,33%二甲戊灵乳油990 g/hm2、50%扑草净可湿性粉剂750 g/hm2和96%精异丙甲草胺乳油1152 g/hm2处理对绿豆田一年生杂草的防效分别为92.4%、91.9%和90.3%,80%唑嘧磺草胺水分散粒剂48 g/hm2处理对一年生阔叶杂草的防效在94%以上。田间安全性调查及测产结果显示,上述4种除草剂常量处理和倍量处理的绿豆出苗数、根系鲜重、茎叶鲜重、株高等指标及产量性状指标均与空白对照差异不显著。室内结果表明,这4种除草剂的施药量增加到常用量的3倍后,对绿豆生长仍比较安全。从除草剂药效和作物安全性考虑,33%二甲戊灵乳油、50%扑草净可湿性粉剂、96%精异丙甲草胺乳油和80%唑嘧磺草胺水分散粒剂可推荐用于内蒙古中部绿豆田。