苹果矮砧密植栽培模式下桃小食心虫发生规律

摘要

为掌握苹果矮砧密植栽培模式下桃小食心虫的发生规律,为其有效测报及防治提供理论依据,采用悬挂不同高度性信息素诱捕器的诱捕监测方法,对矮砧密植栽培模式下果实套袋和不套袋苹果园桃小食心虫的空间发生动态进行了研究.结果表明:泰安地区桃小食心虫成虫发生期为5月中下旬-10月上旬,其中,6月-9月是桃小食心虫发生盛期,此间共出现两次高峰.苹果矮砧密植栽培模式下,距离地面0～2.5 m处均可监测到桃小食心虫雄成虫;果实不套袋苹果园在树体不同高度桃小食心虫的发生数量均显著高于果实套袋苹果园(P＜o.01);果实不套袋苹果园距地面1.5m处的桃小食心虫诱捕量显著高于其他高度(P＜0.01),而果实套袋苹果园2.0m处诱捕量显著高于其他高度(P＜0.01);桃小食心虫发生动态趋势、成虫发蛾高峰期和持续时间在果实套袋和不套袋两种条件下差异不明显.试验结果进一步明确了苹果矮砧密植栽培模式下桃小食心虫的空间分布动态规律,可为提升应用昆虫信息素预测预报的精准性与诱捕防治的全面性提供参考.%In order to master occurrence regularity of Carposina sasakii Matsumura and provide the theoretical basis for its effective forecast and control,the spatial distribution dynamics of C.sasakii in bagging and no-bagging apple orchards under the dwarf rootstock intensive cultivation mode were investigated by the method of sex attractant traps with different hanging heights.The results showed that the adults of C.sasakii emerged from mid or late May to early October,and two occurrence peaks were monitored from June to September.The adults of C.sasakii emerged from 0 to 2.5 meters above ground.Under the dwarf rootstock intensive cultivation mode,the number of C.sasakii trapped by sex attractant in no-bagging orchards was significantly (P＜0.01) more than that in bagging orchards in every hanging height.The number of C.sasakii trapped by 1.5 meters hanging traps was significantly more than that trapped by other hanging height traps in no-bagging apple orchards,while the number of 2.0 meters was significantly(P＜0.01)more than that of other hanging height in bagging apple orchards.There was no significant difference on occurrence dynamics,peak period of adult between bagging and no-bagging orchards.The results of this experiment would provide references for the accuracy forecast of sex attractant and comprehensiveness of trapping control.