过去数十年来我国稻曲病的发生一直呈不断加重趋势,并逐渐由一个水稻次要病害发展成为一个水稻主要病害.最近不断强化的针对稻曲病成灾机制和防控技术的研究有了新发现和新观点.稻曲病菌主要侵染水稻花期的花丝等细胞壁相对疏松的组织,细胞外扩展.我国长江中下游地区稻曲病的加重与稻曲病菌菌核生成密切相关,菌核在其生活史中发挥了重要作用,可能是其主要的初侵染源.目前水稻孕穗初期使用杀菌剂是最为有效的稻曲病防控措施.未来对其生活史深入持续的研究是稻曲病发生流行中长期预测预警的重要前提.%In the past decades,rice false smut has occurred increasingly and now become one of the major rice diseases in China from a minor disease in history.Recently extended studies on the disease have revealed some new findings on the fungal pathogenicity,its life cycle and control of the disease.The pathogen mainly infects rice stamen filaments and other flower tissues where cell walls are loose in texture,and extends intercellularly in host.The pathogen sclerotia play an important role in the disease occurrences in the mid and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and in its life cycle as the primary inoculum.Spraying fungicides at early rice booting stage now is the most effective measure for controlling the disease.Clarification of the pathogen life cycle in nature in the near future is necessary for establishing the prediction and early warning system in medium-and long-term disease control.
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