双斑长跗萤叶甲在相邻农田生态系统中种群消长规律

摘要

为了明确双斑长跗萤叶甲Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky)在相邻农田生态系统中种群消长规律,为该虫的预测预报和综合治理提供科学依据.于2016年在位于山西省长治市的山西省农业科学院谷子研究所的试验田内,对相邻的大豆、玉米及谷子试验田用网捕法和直接观察法对双斑长跗萤叶甲种群动态、垂直分布和有虫株率进行了调查;并在谷田内做了该虫的日节律调查.研究显示该虫更偏向于取食玉米和谷子.双斑长跗萤叶甲在3种农作物田中的种群数量交替增长,彼此之间存在相互影响.8月中上旬是双斑长跗萤叶甲种群数量高峰期,日节律调查发现该虫的活动高峰主要集中在傍晚18:00左右;活动适宜温度为25～30℃.根据该虫在相邻农田中种群动态曲线推测,在谷子花期时,双斑长跗萤叶甲种群从大豆和玉米田中向谷田转移;当谷子花期结束,谷田中的种群又向大豆和玉米田转移.%To determine population fluctuation of Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) in adjacent crop fields,and to provide a scientific basis for forecasting and integrated management of this pest,the population dynamics,vertical distribution and the ratio of infested plants were surveyed in the adjacent soybean,corn and millet fields in Changzhi,Shanxi Province in 2016.Daily rhythm of the pest was also investigated in the millet field.The results showed that the pest preferred to feed on corn and millet plants.The pest population size alternatively increased in three adjacent crop fields and affected with each other.The population peakeo in early and middle August.The peak time of active stage of this insect was at about 6:00 pm,with suitable temperature between 25℃ and 30℃.M.hieroglyphica transferred to millet field from soybean and corn fields during the flowering of millet.When the millet flowering period ended,M.hieroglyphica adults transferred back to soybean and corn fields from millet field.