湘江长沙段污染沉积物中微生物群落结构与污染物关联性的研究

摘要

Using ICP-AES, PCA and PCR-RFLP methods, correlations between pollutants and microbial community structure, mostly the community structure of archaea, in the outfall sediments of the Xiangjiang River near Changsha City were studied. ICP-AES analysis indicated that there were significant differences between the pollution levels of three sampling areas. In five sampling sites, a total of 707 screened clones were selected and categorized into 349 operational taxonomic units （OTUs） using restriction enzyme analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequenced clones mostly belonged to two phylums： Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, in which Methanomicrobia accounted for 75% of the total clones. Furthermore, the results of PCA analysis on OTUs distribution in these five sampling sites were consistent with those from the PCA analysis on geochemical characteristics. This consistency fully demonstrated that the composition of microbial communities can be significantly affected by pollution level. The results obtained in this study may be important not only in further clarifying microbial adaptation mechanism to the environment, but also in providing theoretical basis and guidance for microbial remediation of polluted environment.%采用ICP-AES测试方法及PCA和PCR-RFLP分析技术,研究了湘江长沙段污染沉积物中微生物群落结构（主要是古细菌群落结构）与污染物的关联性。结果表明：（1）三个取样区域的不同污染物的污染程度呈现出明显的差异性;（2）所取样点的微生物群落结构主要分布在广古菌门（Euryarchaeota）和泉古菌门（Crenarchaeota）两个分区,其中75%的克隆隶属于Euryarchaeota中的甲烷微菌纲（Methanomicrobia）,这表明Methanomicrobia是所测样品的优势古生菌;（3）进