海月水母（Aurelia sp．1）对中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）和东海原甲藻（Prorocentrum donghaiense）摄食的研究

摘要

The effects of different microalgal species and cell densities on the feedings of polyps, ephyrae and medusae of.4urelia sp. 1 under controlled laboratory conditions were investigated. Two species of microalgae, Skeletonema costatum and Prorocentrum donghaiense, were used. Different microalgal species and cell densities had significant effects on the feedings of polyps, ephyrae and medusae. With the increasing of microalgal cell desities, the ingestion rates （IR） of polyps and ephyrae increased while the clearance rates （CR） decreased. The maximum IR of polyps on S. costatum and P. dong- haiense were 4623 and 4118 cells/（ind-h）, respectively, while the maximum IR of ephyrae on S. costatum and P. dong- haiense were 174671 and 47218 cells/（ind-h）, respectively. At similar microalgal cell densities, the IR of ephyrae on S. costatum were higher than those on P. donghaiense, and the IR of ephyrae were higher than those of polyps. The adaption of microalgae made IR of polyps increased about ten times. Medusae did not feed on S. costatum and P. donghaiense.%采用饵料浓度差减法，在实验条件下研究了不同细胞密度的中肋骨条藻和东海原甲藻对海月水母水螅体、碟状体和水母体摄食活动的影响。结果表明，不同种类和密度的微藻细胞密度对水螅体、碟状体和水母体的摄食有显著影响。在实验的藻细胞密度范围内，随藻细胞密度的增加，水螅体和碟状体对中肋骨条藻和东海原甲藻的摄食率一直升高。水螅体对中肋骨条藻和东海原甲藻的最大摄食率均发生在藻细胞密度最高处，分别为4623cells／（ind·h1和4118cells／（ind·h1。碟状体对中肋骨条藻和东海原甲藻的最大摄食率也是发生在藻细胞密度最高处，分别为174671cells／（ind_h）和47218cells／（ind．h）。清滤率随着藻细胞密度增加而降低。在相似细胞密度下，碟状体对中肋骨条藻的摄食率高于东海原甲藻。水螅体和碟状体对同种藻的摄食情况不同，在相似藻细胞密度下，碟状体的摄食率比水螅体高。经过藻类饵料适应处理的水螅体对藻类的摄食率会有显著增加，约为未经饵料适应处理的10倍。水母体对中肋骨条藻和东海原甲藻未发生摄食。