海洋沉积环境复杂多样,微生物往往进化形成与其环境相适应的代谢系统.真菌作为海洋沉积环境中的重要微生物,它们的次生代谢产物结构出新率高、生物活性显著,是开发海洋先导药物的新兴资源.本文综述了1995-2011年间发表的200个海洋沉积环境真菌次生代谢产物,其来源菌株广泛分布在真菌16个属,主要集中在Penicillium属(30％)、Aspergillus属(19％)、Spicaria属(18％)和Trichoderma属(13％);其结构类型包括生物碱类(86个)、萜类(42个)、聚酮类(42个)、肽类(15个)、甾体类(5个)、脑苷脂类(4个)和其他类(6个),活性研究主要集中在细胞毒性和抗菌等方面.%The environments of marine sediments are complex and diverse,from which microorganisms often evolve into corresponding metabolic systems. As part of them, marine fungi were noticed due to their high-producing novel second metabolistes and significant biological activities. They would be a new resource for the develoment of potential marine leading drugs. In this review,200 secondary metabolites of fungi from marine sediments between 1995-2010 were collected. The originated fungi distributed mainly in Penicillium(30% ) ,Aspergillus( 19% ) ,Spicaria( 18% ) and Trichoderma (13%)of 16 genera. The structures contained alkaloids(86) ,terpenes(42) ,polyketides(42) ,peptides(15),and so on. The activities focused on the antimicrobial and cytotoxic research.
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