鱼腥草是一种既有广泛生物活性,又有很高食用价值的植物资源,极具开发潜力.生物碱是鱼腥草中一类重要化学成分,结构多样,且具有广泛生物活性,一直倍受研究者的关注.本文就鱼腥草中生物碱类化学成分及其生物活性研究进展进行了综述.目前鱼腥草中已报道的生物碱类成分共有71个化合物,包括阿朴菲类、马兜铃内酰胺类、酰胺类、吡啶类和其他类等结构类型,具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗血小板聚集、抗炎、降血糖等生物活性.通过对鱼腥草中生物碱类化学成分及其生物活性研究进行归纳和总结,以期为系统的研究鱼腥草药效物质、提升质量标准及进一步开发其药用资源提供参考.%Houttuynlae cordata was a traditional medicine resource with a wide range of biological activities and edible value,which had great potential for development.Alkaloids,as the effective ingredients of H.cordata,are diverse in chemical structures and have extensive bioactivities so that it has become the focus of researchers.Herein,the progress of research on the chemical constituents and bioactivities of alkaloids which were extracted and separated from H.cordata were reviewed in this paper.To date,71 compounds of alkaloids isolated from H.cordata had been reported in literatures,including aporphine,aristolone lactam,amide,pyridine and other types,etc.Research results from pharmacological experiments shown that these compounds displayed anti-tumor,anti-virus,anti-platelet aggregation,anti-inflammatory,hypoglycemic and other biological activities.In conclusions,based on the study of the chemical constituents and bioactivity of alkaloids in H.cordata,the present paper may provide to a reference for clarification of pharmacologically active ingredients,quality evaluation,and further explorations.
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