传统乡村治理的柔软与现代乡村治理的坚硬

摘要

Traditional Chinese rural governance is elite-oriented, which leads to a dual governance structure and forms a traditional village planning system having both constraints and incentive effects. Since 1949 the highly centralized rural governance facilitates modern rural planning and constructing system based on the city and countryside disport rule. By analyzing three main differences between traditional and modern rural governance, this study propose three fundamental ways to achieve rural governance institutional reform.%我国传统乡村的治理以精英为本，在正式与非正式渠道的二元治理结构下形成同时具有约束性和激励性的传统乡村柔性治理制度。建国以来我国乡村治理逐步走向高度集权的官治化，并在城乡分治的基础上形成以土地为本的当代乡村规划和建设的硬性制度。本文通过对传统和当代乡村治理的经济条件、社会基础和空间基础等方面的差异分析，提出实现乡村治理的制度改革的三个基本途径。