基于Hotelling模型的香港港与上海港服务定价策略

摘要

为达到香港港与上海港的互利共赢状态,以两个港口发展现状为背景,运用博弈论中的Ho-telling模型,分析服务定价对港口市场份额与收益的影响.用改进的Hotelling价格竞争模型研究两个港口在统一定价和差别定价情况下,服务水平对港口的均衡价格、市场份额和利润的影响,并对服务定价策略进行分析.以算例说明两个港口在实际航线中用不同的定价策略所获得的不同收益.从中可以得出,两个港口在统一定价的合作状态下可获得最大的市场份额和收益,而在差别定价下能获取更多的市场份额.这促进两个港口在竞争-合作中达到优势互补,使两个港口建设更加合理化,利润最大化.%In order to achieve the mutual benefit and win-win situation for Hong Kong Port and Shanghai Port,based on the current development status of two ports,the Hotelling model in the game theory is adopted to analyze the influence of service pricing on the share and profit of port market.Under the two situations of uniform pricing and differential pricing,the effects of service level on equilibrium price,market share and profit of ports are studied by the improved Hotelling price competition model,and the service pricing strategy is analyzed.Real courses are taken as an example to demonstrate that different pricing strategies of two ports lead to different benefits.The obtained benefits show that two ports can obtain the largest market share and profit under uniform pricing in the cooperation mode,while two ports can gain more market share under differential pricing.It promotes the two ports in the competition and cooperation to achieve complementary advantages,and makes the construction of two ports more rational so as to maximize profit.