工作压力对新产品开发绩效的影响研究

摘要

The sustainable development of new products is a key factor for the success of an enterprise, but this development is full of uncertainty and affected by many factors, among which the pressure of employees plays a very important role. This research is conducted with a questionnaire survey, sampling from 241 R&D staff engaged in the new product development, and with the hierarchical regression analysis method, we manage to analyze the relationship between job stress and new product innovation as well as the influence of resilience and performance appraisal orienta⁃tion on the relationship. The results show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between job stress and new product innovation, and this is strengthened by resilience and developmental performance appraisal orientation while the former overweighs the latter as a stronger moderating role. However, when the resilience and developmental performance appraisal orientation are integrated into a model, the moderating role of resilience covers developmental performance ap⁃praisal orientations, and this consequently leads to the insignificance of the interaction term among job stress, resilience and developmental performance appraisal orientation. The conclusion of the research presents a more comprehensive un⁃derstanding of the relationship between the job stress and new product development performance.%新产品的开发过程与应用存在较高的失败风险，使得从事新产品开发的员工承受着巨大的压力。研究以国内241名从事新产品开发的研发人员作为调查对象，运用层级逐步回归分析方法，探讨了工作压力与新产品开发绩效之间的关系，以及心理弹性和发展型绩效评价导向对二者关系的影响。分析结果表明，工作压力与新产品开发绩效呈倒U型关系；心理弹性、发展型绩效评价导向分别增强了这种倒U型关系，但前者的调节作用强于后者；心理弹性与绩效评价导向的交互项的调节作用不显著。