论心理学作为科学的观念及其困境与出路

摘要

It is widely recognized that Wilhelm Wundt’s accidental establishment of a psychological la-boratory in Leipzig University marked the birth of modern scientific psychology.However, due to the habitual mindset arising from repeatedly emphasizing the significance of this historical event, its sym-bolic meaning gradually diminished to disappearance.Consequently, we are led astray on the issue of what psychology is.The only way out is to highlight the notion that psychology is a science and to ana-lyze its historical dilemma so as to find a logical solution.Only on this basis can we transcend our ha-bitual mindset and acquire the insight into what psychology is when we take it as a science.%虽然我们倾向于一般地将冯特创办心理学实验室这一偶然的历史事件作为现代意义上的科学心理学诞生的标志，但事实证明，正是在反复不断地重复着的关于这个历史的这种叙事方式所培育起来的思想的习惯性中，这个叙事所包含的那个“标志”的象征意义逐渐褪隐，乃至于最后消失殆尽，并在关于心理学究竟是什么的问题上将我们的思想引入歧途。通过把心理学作为科学的观念突显出来，并作为专门的主题分析其历史的困境及其在逻辑上必然的出路，才得以解构并超越上述思想的习惯性，并获得关于心理学作为科学的观念必然是什么的洞察。